Lefapheng la mahlale a ho futhumatsa le ho pholisa, lipompo tsa mocheso li hlahile e le tharollo e sebetsang hantle le e mosa tikolohong. Li sebelisoa haholo libakeng tsa bolulo, tsa khoebo le tsa indasteri ho fana ka mesebetsi ea ho futhumatsa le ho pholisa. Ho utloisisa bohlokoa le ts'ebetso ea lipompo tsa mocheso e le kannete, ho bohlokoa ho teba melao-motheong ea tsona ea ts'ebetso le mohopolo oa Coefficient of Performance (COP).
Melao-motheo ea ho Sebetsa ea Lipompo tsa Mocheso
Khopolo ea Motheo
Pompo ea mocheso ha e le hantle ke sesebelisoa se fetisang mocheso ho tloha sebakeng se seng ho ea ho se seng. Ho fapana le litsamaiso tsa setso tsa ho futhumatsa tse hlahisang mocheso ka ho chesa kapa ho hanyetsa motlakase, lipompo tsa mocheso li tsamaisa mocheso o teng ho tloha sebakeng se pholileng ho ea sebakeng se futhumetseng. Ts'ebetso ena e tšoana le kamoo sehatsetsi se sebetsang kateng, empa ka tsela e fapaneng. Sehatsetsi se ntša mocheso kahare ho sona ebe se o lokolla tikolohong e potolohileng, ha pompo ea mocheso e ntša mocheso tikolohong e ka ntle ebe e o ntša ka tlung.
Potoloho ea Sehatsetsing
Ts'ebetso ea pompo ea mocheso e ipapisitse le potoloho ea sehatsetsi, e kenyeletsang likarolo tse 'ne tse kholo: evaporator, compressor, condenser, le valve ea katoloso. Tlhaloso ea mohato ka mohato ea hore na likarolo tsena li sebetsa 'moho joang ke ena:
- Sesebelisoa sa ho hema: Ts'ebetso ena e qala ka evaporator, e leng tikolohong e pholileng (mohlala, kantle ho ntlo). Refrigerant, ntho e nang le ntlha e tlase ea ho belisa, e monya mocheso o tsoang moeeng o potolohileng kapa mobung. Ha e ntse e monya mocheso, refrigerant e fetoha ho tloha mokelikeli ho ea ho khase. Phetoho ena ea mohato e bohlokoa hobane e lumella refrigerant ho jara mocheso o mongata.
- Konpressor: Sehatsetsi sa khase se fetela ho compressor. Compressor e eketsa khatello le mocheso oa sehatsetsi ka ho se hatella. Mohato ona oa bohlokoa hobane o phahamisa mocheso oa sehatsetsi ho ea boemong bo phahameng ho feta mocheso o lakatsehang oa ka tlung. Sehatsetsi sa khatello e phahameng, mocheso o phahameng joale se se se loketse ho lokolla mocheso oa sona.
- Sekontiri: Mohato o latelang o kenyeletsa condenser, e fumanehang tikolohong e futhumetseng (mohlala, ka hare ho ntlo). Mona, sehatsetsi se chesang, se nang le kgatello e phahameng se ntsha mocheso wa sona moyeng kapa metsing a potileng. Ha sehatsetsi se ntsha mocheso, se a phola mme se fetoha ho tloha ho khase ho ya ho mokelikeli. Phetoho ena ya mokgahlelo e ntsha mocheso o mongata, o sebediswang ho futhumatsa sebaka sa kahare.
- Valve ea Katoloso: Qetellong, sehatsetsi sa metsi se feta ka har'a valve ea katoloso, e leng se fokotsang khatello le mocheso oa sona. Mohato ona o lokisetsa sehatsetsi ho monya mocheso hape ka har'a evaporator, 'me potoloho ea ipheta.
Tekanyo e lekanang ea Tshebetso (COP)
Tlhaloso
Coefficient of Performance (COP) ke tekanyo ea katleho ea pompo ea mocheso. E hlalosoa e le karolelano ea mocheso o tlisoang (kapa o tlosoang) ho bongata ba matla a motlakase a sebelisoang. Ka mantsoe a bonolo, e re bolella hore na pompo ea mocheso e ka hlahisa mocheso o mokae bakeng sa yuniti e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea motlakase eo e e sebelisang.
Ka lipalo, COP e hlalosoa e le:
COP=Matla a Motlakase a Sebedisitsweng (W)Mocheso o Fanwang (Q)
Ha pompo ea mocheso e na le COP (Coefficient of Performance) ea 5.0, e ka fokotsa likoloto tsa motlakase haholo ha e bapisoa le ho futhumatsa motlakase oa setso. Mona ke tlhahlobo le lipalo tse qaqileng:
Papiso ea Tšebeliso e Botle ea Matla
Ho futhumatsa motlakase ka setso ho na le COP ea 1.0, ho bolelang hore e hlahisa yuniti e le 'ngoe ea mocheso bakeng sa kWh e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea motlakase o sebelisoang. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, pompo ea mocheso e nang le COP ea 5.0 e hlahisa liyuniti tse 5 tsa mocheso bakeng sa kWh e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea motlakase o sebelisoang, e leng se etsang hore e sebetse hantle haholo ho feta ho futhumatsa motlakase ka setso.
Palo ea Litšenyehelo tsa Motlakase
Ho nka tlhoko ea ho hlahisa li-unit tse 100 tsa mocheso:
- Ho Futhumatsa Motlakase oa Setso: E hloka motlakase oa 100 kWh.
- Pompo ea Mocheso e nang le COP ea 5.0: E hloka feela motlakase oa 20 kWh (liyuniti tse 100 tsa mocheso ÷ 5.0).
Haeba theko ea motlakase e le 0.5€ ka kWh:
- Ho Futhumatsa Motlakase oa Setso: Litšenyehelo tsa motlakase ke 50€ (100 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
- Pompo ea Mocheso e nang le COP ea 5.0: Litšenyehelo tsa motlakase ke 10€ (20 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
Karolelano ea Lipoloko
Pompo ea mocheso e ka boloka 80% likolotong tsa motlakase ha ho bapisoa le ho futhumatsa motlakase oa setso ((50 - 10) ÷ 50 = 80%).
Mohlala o Sebetsang
Litšebelisong tse sebetsang, tse kang phepelo ea metsi a chesang malapeng, nahana hore lilithara tse 200 tsa metsi li hloka ho futhumatsoa ho tloha ho 15°C ho isa ho 55°C letsatsi le letsatsi:
- Ho Futhumatsa Motlakase oa Setso: E sebelisa motlakase o ka bang 38.77 kWh (ha re nahana hore mocheso o sebetsa hantle oa 90%).
- Pompo ea Mocheso e nang le COP ea 5.0: E sebelisa motlakase o ka bang 7.75 kWh (38.77 kWh ÷ 5.0).
Ka theko ea motlakase ea 0.5€ ka kWh:
- Ho Futhumatsa Motlakase oa Setso: Litšenyehelo tsa motlakase tsa letsatsi le letsatsi ke hoo e ka bang 19.39€ (38.77 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
- Pompo ea Mocheso e nang le COP ea 5.0: Litšenyehelo tsa motlakase tsa letsatsi le letsatsi ke hoo e ka bang 3.88€ (7.75 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
Poloko e Hakantsoeng bakeng sa Malapa a Tloaelehileng: Lipompo tsa Mocheso khahlanong le ho Futhumatsa Khase ea Tlhaho
Ho ipapisitsoe le likhakanyo tsa indasteri eohle le mekhoa ea litheko tsa matla tsa Europe:
| Ntho | Ho Futhumatsa Khase ea Tlhaho | Pompo ea Mocheso | Phapang e Hakantsoeng ea Selemo le Selemo |
| Karolelano ea Litšenyehelo tsa Matla tsa Selemo le Selemo | €1,200–€1,500 | €600–€900 | Poloko ea hoo e ka bang €300–€900 |
| Likhase tse kotsi tsa CO₂ (litone/selemo) | Lithane tse 3–5 | Lithane tse 1–2 | Phokotso ea hoo e ka bang lithane tse 2–3 |
Hlokomela:Poloko ea 'nete e fapana ho latela litheko tsa motlakase le khase tsa naha, boleng ba ho thibela mocheso oa meaho, le katleho ea pompo ea mocheso. Linaha tse kang Jeremane, Fora le Italy li atisa ho bontša poloko e kholo, haholo-holo ha lithuso tsa mmuso li fumaneha.
Pompo ea Mocheso ea Hien R290 EocForce Series 6-16kW: Pompo ea Mocheso ea Moeeng ho ea Metsing ea Monobloc
Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa:
Tshebetso ya tsohle-ka-nngwe: mesebetsi ya ho futhumatsa, ho phodisa le ya metsi a chesang a lapeng
Likhetho tsa Voltage e Tenyetsehang: 220–240 V kapa 380–420 V
Moralo o Monyenyane: diyuniti tse nyane tse 6–16 kW
Sehatsetsi se Sireletsang Tikoloho: Sehatsetsi se setala sa R290
Tshebetso e Khutsitseng le e Boreledi: 40.5 dB(A) ho 1 m
Bokgoni ba Matla: SCOP Ho fihlela ho 5.19
Tshebetso e Feteletseng ya Mocheso: Tshebetso e tsitsitseng ho –20 °C
Bokgoni bo Phahameng ba Matla: A+++
Taolo e Bohlale le e loketse PV
Mosebetsi oa Anti-legionella: Max Outlet Water Temp.75ºC
Nako ea poso: Loetse-10-2025